What Is Acne

Acne is commonly described as a localised skin condition that affects the face, neck, back and chest areas dominantly. There are a number of different forms of acne including the following:

Acne vulgaris - This is the most common type of acne which affects up to 85% of all teenagers and around 20% of adults. This condition can range from mild to severe and in very severe cases permanent scarring can occur. Acne vulgaris is caused by the overproduction of an oily substance known as sebum, which is secreted by the sebaceous glands in the skin. Normally, sebum is released on to the surface of the skin through the hair follicles however when sebum is produced in excess the hair follicles become blocked and the sebum becomes infected with bacteria beneath the skin's surface. This then causes the inflammation commonly associated with the condition.

Occupational acne - This is a more unusual form of acne and is caused by prolonged exposure to certain types of industrial chemicals. For example, oil acne occurs in people that are frequently exposed to petroleum and its various derivatives e.g. mechanics, whereas coal-tar acne affects people who work in the road surfacing industry, the roofing industry and of course the coal-tar plants. Chloracne is another form of occupational acne suffered by laboratory workers, waste handlers, maintenance workers and those working in the chemical manufacturing industry.

Drug induced acne - Occasionally some prescribed drugs can cause a form of acne, in particular a family of drugs known as the corticosteroids. Why this occurs is not yet known.

The symptoms associated with the different forms of acne are all very similar and include tiny blackheads, small firm white-heads, red pimples that often have yellow pus-filled tips, painful large lumps, and tender lumps beneath the surface of the skin that don't have obvious heads i.e. cysts. The severity of these lesions will differ from person to person and while some cases may clear with a change in hygiene measures, others will require some form of medical treatment.

Washing the affected skin twice daily with warm water and a medicated cleanser will often help to unblock the follicles and reduce any bacterial infection that may be present. It is important not to scrub the skin vigorously though as this can cause the lesions to worsen. It is also important not to pick at pimples or squeeze white-heads as again this can worsen the condition and cause scarring to occur. If acne is occupational then it is imperative that work clothes are kept clean so that exposure to the harmful chemicals is minimized as much as possible.

Acne is a serious condition and it can often be psychologically distressing, especially during adolescence. Luckily by starting treatment at an early age the condition can often be controlled so that permanent scarring is reduced or avoided altogether. Acne is nothing to be embarrassed about and with the help of over-the-counter cleansers and creams outbreaks can, in most cases, be controlled while further episodes can be prevented.

Information On Acne